MSJChem - Tutorial videos for IB Chemistry
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  • Videos (first exams 2025)
    • Structure 1.1 Models of the particulate nature of matter
    • Structure 1.2 The nuclear atom >
      • Structure 1.2 HL The nuclear atom
    • Structure 1.3 Electron configurations >
      • Structure 1.3 Electron configurations HL
    • Structure 1.4 Counting particles by mass: The mole
    • Structure 1.5 Ideal gases
    • Structure 2.1 The ionic model
    • Structure 2.2 The covalent model >
      • Structure 2.2 The covalent model (HL)
    • Structure 2.3 The metallic model
    • Structure 2.4 From models to materials
    • Structure 3.1 The periodic table : Classification of elements >
      • Structure 3.1 The periodic table: Classification of elements (HL)
    • Structure 3.2 Functional groups: Classification of organic compounds >
      • Structure 3.2 Functional groups: Classification of organic compounds (HL)
    • Reactivity 1.1 Measuring enthalpy changes
    • Reactivity 1.2 Energy cycles in reactions >
      • Reactivity 1.2 Energy cycles in reactions (HL)
    • Reactivity 1.3 Energy from fuels
    • Reactivity 1.4 Entropy and spontaneity (HL)
    • Reactivity 2.1 How much? The amount of chemical change
    • Reactivity 2.2 How fast? The rate of chemical change >
      • Reactivity 2.2 How fast? The rate of chemical change (HL)
    • Reactivity 2.3 How far? The extent of chemical change >
      • Topic 6 Kinetics
      • Topic 7 Equilibrium
      • Topic 8 Acids and bases
      • Topic 9 Oxidation and reduction
      • Topic 10 Organic chemistry
      • Topic 11 Measurement and data processing
      • Topic 12 Atomic structure HL
      • Topic 13 Periodicity HL
      • Topic 14 Bonding HL
      • Topic 15 Energetics HL
      • Topic 16 Kinetics HL
      • Topic 17 Equilibrium HL
      • Topic 18 Acids and bases HL
      • Topic 19 Redox HL
      • Topic 20 Organic chemistry HL
      • Options (last exams 2024) >
        • SL Option A
        • HL Option A
        • SL Option B
        • HL Option B
        • SL Option C
        • HL Option C
        • SL Option D
        • HL Option D >
          • Exam review (last exams 2024)
      • Reactivity 2.3 How far? The extent of chemical change (HL)
    • Reactivity 3.1 Proton transfer reactions >
      • Reactivity 3.1 Proton transfer reactions (HL)
    • Reactivity 3.2 Electron transfer reactions >
      • Reactivity 3.2 Electron transfer reactions (HL)
    • Reactivity 3.3 Electron sharing reactions
    • Reactivity 3.4 Electron-pair sharing reactions >
      • Reactivity 3.4 Electron-pair sharing reactions (HL)
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Topic 8 Acids and bases 
​YouTube playlist 

8.1 Brønsted–Lowry acids and bases / conjugate acid-base pairs 
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Understandings:
A Brønsted–Lowry  acid is a proton/H+  donor and a  Brønsted–Lowry  base is a proton/H+  acceptor.
Guidance:
Students should know the representation of a proton  in aqueous solution as both H+ (aq) and H3O+ (aq).

8.1 Conjugate acid-base pairs 
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Understandings:
A pair of species differing by a single proton is called a conjugate acid-base pair.
Applications and skills:
Deduction of the conjugate acid or conjugate base in a   chemical reaction.
Bronsted-Lowry worksheet


8.1 Amphiprotic species 
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Understandings:
Amphiprotic species can act as both Brønsted–Lowry acids and bases.
Guidance:
The difference between the terms amphoteric and amphiprotic should be covered.
Amphiprotic species worksheet 

8.2 Reactions of acids and bases 
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Reactions of acids and bases worksheet
Understandings:
Most acids have observable characteristic chemical reactions with reactive metals, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, hydrogen carbonates and carbonates.
Salt and water are produced in exothermic neutralization reactions.
Applications and skills:
Balancing chemical equations for the reaction of acids.
Identification of the acid and base needed to make different salts.
Guidance:
Bases which are not hydroxides, such as ammonia, soluble carbonates and hydrogen carbonates should be covered.

8.2 Thermometric titration 
​This video covers how to calculate the concentration of a solution using a thermometric titration.

8.3 The pH scale  
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Understandings:
pH = − log[H+(aq)] and [H+ ] = 10−pH .
A change of one pH unit represents a 10-fold change in the hydrogen ion concentration [H+ ]
pH values distinguish between acidic, neutral and alkaline solutions.

pH scale worksheet 

8.3 Calculating the pH of strong acids 
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This video covers how to calculate the pH of strong acids and bases. 

8.3 Ionic product constant of water Kw
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Understandings:
pH values distinguish between acidic, neutral and alkaline solutions
The ionic product constant, Kw  = [H+ ][OH− ] =  10−14  at 298 K.
Kw worksheet

8.4 Strong and weak acids and bases 
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Understandings:
Strong and weak acids and bases differ in the extent of ionization.
A strong acid is a good proton donor and has a weak conjugate base.
A strong base is a good proton acceptor and has a weak conjugate acid.
Guidance:
The terms ionization and dissociation can be used interchangeably.

8.4 Strong and weak acids and bases 
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Applications and skills:
Distinction between strong and weak acids and bases in terms of the rates of their reactions with metals, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal hydrogen carbonates and metal carbonates and their electrical conductivities for solutions of equal concentrations.
Distinguish between weak and strong acids and bases worksheet

8.5 Acid deposition 
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Acid deposition worksheet
Understandings:
Rain is naturally acidic because of dissolved CO2 and has a pH of 5.6. Acid deposition has a pH below 5.0
Acid deposition is formed when nitrogen or sulfur oxides dissolve in water to form HNO3, HNO2, H2SO4  and H2SO3.
Sources of the oxides of sulfur and nitrogen should be covered.
Guidance:
Balancing the equations that describe the combustion of sulfur and nitrogen to their oxides and the subsequent formation of H2SO3, H2SO4, HNO2 and HNO3.

8.5 Effects and reduction of acid deposition 
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Understandings: 
The effects of acid deposition should be covered.
Applications and skills:
Distinction between the pre-combustion and post-combustion methods of reducing sulfur oxides emissions.
Deduction of acid deposition equations for acid deposition with reactive metals and carbonates.

https://youtu.be/WUULrLtBhfg​
Effects of acid deposition worksheet
Reduction of SO2 and NOx emissions worksheet
Further details about hydrodesulfurization: The oil based raw material is heated to 300-400°C and pumped under a pressure of up to 130 atm into a hydrodesulfurization reactor.  The mixture passes over a catalyst which breaks the sulfur-carbon bonds, allowing the sulfur to react with the hydrogen to form hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

  • Home
    • About
    • Blog
    • Online tutoring
    • Privacy policy
  • Member's Area
  • Videos (first exams 2025)
    • Structure 1.1 Models of the particulate nature of matter
    • Structure 1.2 The nuclear atom >
      • Structure 1.2 HL The nuclear atom
    • Structure 1.3 Electron configurations >
      • Structure 1.3 Electron configurations HL
    • Structure 1.4 Counting particles by mass: The mole
    • Structure 1.5 Ideal gases
    • Structure 2.1 The ionic model
    • Structure 2.2 The covalent model >
      • Structure 2.2 The covalent model (HL)
    • Structure 2.3 The metallic model
    • Structure 2.4 From models to materials
    • Structure 3.1 The periodic table : Classification of elements >
      • Structure 3.1 The periodic table: Classification of elements (HL)
    • Structure 3.2 Functional groups: Classification of organic compounds >
      • Structure 3.2 Functional groups: Classification of organic compounds (HL)
    • Reactivity 1.1 Measuring enthalpy changes
    • Reactivity 1.2 Energy cycles in reactions >
      • Reactivity 1.2 Energy cycles in reactions (HL)
    • Reactivity 1.3 Energy from fuels
    • Reactivity 1.4 Entropy and spontaneity (HL)
    • Reactivity 2.1 How much? The amount of chemical change
    • Reactivity 2.2 How fast? The rate of chemical change >
      • Reactivity 2.2 How fast? The rate of chemical change (HL)
    • Reactivity 2.3 How far? The extent of chemical change >
      • Topic 6 Kinetics
      • Topic 7 Equilibrium
      • Topic 8 Acids and bases
      • Topic 9 Oxidation and reduction
      • Topic 10 Organic chemistry
      • Topic 11 Measurement and data processing
      • Topic 12 Atomic structure HL
      • Topic 13 Periodicity HL
      • Topic 14 Bonding HL
      • Topic 15 Energetics HL
      • Topic 16 Kinetics HL
      • Topic 17 Equilibrium HL
      • Topic 18 Acids and bases HL
      • Topic 19 Redox HL
      • Topic 20 Organic chemistry HL
      • Options (last exams 2024) >
        • SL Option A
        • HL Option A
        • SL Option B
        • HL Option B
        • SL Option C
        • HL Option C
        • SL Option D
        • HL Option D >
          • Exam review (last exams 2024)
      • Reactivity 2.3 How far? The extent of chemical change (HL)
    • Reactivity 3.1 Proton transfer reactions >
      • Reactivity 3.1 Proton transfer reactions (HL)
    • Reactivity 3.2 Electron transfer reactions >
      • Reactivity 3.2 Electron transfer reactions (HL)
    • Reactivity 3.3 Electron sharing reactions
    • Reactivity 3.4 Electron-pair sharing reactions >
      • Reactivity 3.4 Electron-pair sharing reactions (HL)